October 2023

Athlete's foot, also known as tinea pedis, is a skin infection caused by dermatophytes, a type of mold-like fungi. These fungi naturally reside in the skin folds of the foot and generally remain in check if the foot is kept clean and dry. However, conditions like wearing tight, closed shoes or plastic footwear can create a warm, moist environment that promotes fungal growth. The two main fungi responsible for athlete's foot are trichophyton rubrum, which causes moccasin-like lesions and tends to be chronic, and trichophyton mentagrophytes, causing sudden, severe blister-like lesions between the toes. Both conditions are contagious and can be spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or indirectly via contaminated objects like towels, shoes, or wet floors. The risk of contracting athlete's foot increases with age and is higher among those with weakened immune systems. If you have athlete’s foot, it is strongly suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for treatment.

Athlete’s Foot

Athlete’s foot is often an uncomfortable condition to experience. Thankfully, podiatrists specialize in treating athlete’s foot and offer the best treatment options. If you have any questions about athlete’s foot, consult with Dr. Scott Shrem from Garden State Foot & Ankle Center. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality treatment.

What Is Athlete’s Foot?

Tinea pedis, more commonly known as athlete’s foot, is a non-serious and common fungal infection of the foot. Athlete’s foot is contagious and can be contracted by touching someone who has it or infected surfaces. The most common places contaminated by it are public showers, locker rooms, and swimming pools. Once contracted, it grows on feet that are left inside moist, dark, and warm shoes and socks.

Prevention

The most effective ways to prevent athlete’s foot include:

• Thoroughly washing and drying feet
• Avoid going barefoot in locker rooms and public showers
• Using shower shoes in public showers
• Wearing socks that allow the feet to breathe
• Changing socks and shoes frequently if you sweat a lot

Symptoms

Athlete’s foot initially occurs as a rash between the toes. However, if left undiagnosed, it can spread to the sides and bottom of the feet, toenails, and if touched by hand, the hands themselves. Symptoms include:

• Redness
• Burning
• Itching
• Scaly and peeling skin

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis is quick and easy. Skin samples will be taken and either viewed under a microscope or sent to a lab for testing. Sometimes, a podiatrist can diagnose it based on simply looking at it. Once confirmed, treatment options include oral and topical antifungal medications.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Hazlet, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

The human foot is a marvel of biomechanical engineering, uniquely shaped and intricately structured to provide stability, balance, and mobility. Each foot contains 26 bones, 33 joints, and over 100 muscles, tendons, and ligaments all working together to support our body weight and facilitate movement. The foot's formation begins early in fetal development, with cartilage gradually ossifying into bones and its distinct arches taking shape. The arches, known as medial, lateral, and transverse, enable shock absorption and weight distribution, making the foot flexible yet resilient. The metatarsal bones form the foot's longitudinal arch, while the tarsal bones provide the transverse arch. This complex design ensures that the foot can withstand the rigors of walking, running, and standing for extended periods. As we grow, our feet evolve, adapting to the unique pressures and movements they experience. If you would like additional information about the intricacies of the foot, it is suggested that you consult with a podiatrist.

If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Dr. Scott Shrem from Garden State Foot & Ankle Center. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Biomechanics in Podiatry

Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.

A History of Biomechanics

• Biomechanics dates back to the BC era in Egypt where evidence of professional foot care has been recorded.
• In 1974, biomechanics gained a higher profile from the studies of Merton Root, who claimed that by changing or controlling the forces between the ankle and the foot, corrections or conditions could be implemented to gain strength and coordination in the area.

Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.

Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Hazlet, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Metatarsalgia, a prevalent foot condition, can disrupt daily life with pain and discomfort.  Symptoms of metatarsalgia include sharp, aching, or burning pain in the ball of the foot. This discomfort may extend to the areas around the second, third, or fourth toes. Pain may worsen when standing, walking, or running but eases when resting. Some individuals may experience sharp or shooting pain in their toes, tingling sensations, or the sensation of walking with a pebble in their shoe. Walking barefoot, especially on hard surfaces, can intensify the pain. Metatarsalgia can be due to intense physical activities, such as running or jumping, particularly when combined with improperly fitting or worn-out shoes. Conditions like hammertoes, bunions, and excess body weight can also contribute to metatarsalgia. Furthermore, footwear choices play a role, with high heels, narrow-toed shoes, and non-supportive athletic footwear increasing the risk. Stress fractures in the metatarsals or toe bones and Morton's neuroma can contribute to this condition. If you are experiencing pain or discomfort in the ball of the foot, it is suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for an exam and possible treatment solutions.  

Sports related foot and ankle injuries require proper treatment before players can go back to their regular routines. For more information, contact Dr. Scott Shrem of Garden State Foot & Ankle Center. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Sports Related Foot and Ankle Injuries

Foot and ankle injuries are a common occurrence when it comes to athletes of any sport. While many athletes dismiss the initial aches and pains, the truth is that ignoring potential foot and ankle injuries can lead to serious problems. As athletes continue to place pressure and strain the area further, a mild injury can turn into something as serious as a rupture and may lead to a permanent disability. There are many factors that contribute to sports related foot and ankle injuries, which include failure to warm up properly, not providing support or wearing bad footwear. Common injuries and conditions athletes face, including:

• Plantar Fasciitis
• Plantar Fasciosis
• Achilles Tendinitis
• Achilles Tendon Rupture
• Ankle Sprains

Sports related injuries are commonly treated using the RICE method. This includes rest, applying ice to the injured area, compression and elevating the ankle. More serious sprains and injuries may require surgery, which could include arthroscopic and reconstructive surgery. Rehabilitation and therapy may also be required in order to get any recovering athlete to become fully functional again. Any unusual aches and pains an athlete sustains must be evaluated by a licensed, reputable medical professional.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Hazlet, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Toenail fungus, known as onychomycosis, is a common condition that results from exposure to an overgrowth of certain fungi in your toenails. These fungi, including dermatophytes and yeast, can be found naturally on the skin or in the environment, possibly as airborne spores. A contributing factor to toenail fungus is a warm and humid environment that promotes fungal growth. If your feet remain damp or sweaty for extended periods, these microbes can thrive and rapidly multiply, leading to an infection. Moreover, any crack or tear in the skin or nail can provide an entry point for the fungi, allowing them to penetrate deeper into the tissue. As the infection progresses, fungal debris accumulates under the nail, causing it to thicken and change color, typically turning yellow, brown, or white. Cracks may develop in the affected nail as it weakens. This infection can become progressively severe if left untreated. Recognizing the common symptoms early and seeking prompt treatment from a podiatrist is essential. If you believe you have toenail fungus, it is suggested that you seek the help of a podiatrist as quickly as possible.

If left untreated, toenail fungus may spread to other toenails, skin, or even fingernails. If you suspect you have toenail fungus it is important to seek treatment right away. For more information about treatment, contact Dr. Scott Shrem of Garden State Foot & Ankle Center. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Symptoms

• Warped or oddly shaped nails
• Yellowish nails
• Loose/separated nail
• Buildup of bits and pieces of nail fragments under the nail
• Brittle, broken, thickened nail

Treatment

If self-care strategies and over-the-counter medications does not help your fungus, your podiatrist may give you a prescription drug instead. Even if you find relief from your toenail fungus symptoms, you may experience a repeat infection in the future.

Prevention

In order to prevent getting toenail fungus in the future, you should always make sure to wash your feet with soap and water. After washing, it is important to dry your feet thoroughly especially in between the toes. When trimming your toenails, be sure to trim straight across instead of in a rounded shape. It is crucial not to cover up discolored nails with nail polish because that will prevent your nail from being able to “breathe”.

In some cases, surgical procedure may be needed to remove the toenail fungus. Consult with your podiatrist about the best treatment options for your case of toenail fungus.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Hazlet, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Ankle sprains are a common injury that can happen to anyone, from athletes to those simply walking down the street. Understanding the different types and severity of ankle sprains is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment. Mild ankle sprains typically involve stretching or slight tearing of the ligaments. These sprains are characterized by minimal pain and swelling and usually recover with rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Moderate ankle sprains, on the other hand, result in more extensive ligament damage, leading to more pain, swelling, and difficulty bearing weight or walking. Treatment often requires immobilization of the ankle joint with a brace or cast and can take several weeks to heal. Severe ankle sprains represent a complete tear of one or more ligaments, causing extreme pain, swelling, and instability. Bearing weight is impossible. In such cases, treatment may involve surgery and a months-long recovery period. Prompt evaluation and appropriate care for ankle sprains are essential to prevent chronic sprains. If you suspect an ankle sprain, it's suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for a full exam and appropriate treatment based on the severity of your injury.

Ankle sprains are common but need immediate attention. If you need your feet checked, contact Dr. Scott Shrem from Garden State Foot & Ankle Center. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

How Does an Ankle Sprain Occur?

Ankle sprains take place when the ligaments in your ankle are torn or stretched beyond their limits. There are multiple ways that the ankle can become injured, including twisting or rolling over onto your ankle, putting undue stress on it, or causing trauma to the ankle itself.

What Are the Symptoms?

• Mild to moderate bruising
• Limited mobility
• Swelling
• Discoloration of the skin (depending on severity)

Preventing a Sprain

• Wearing appropriate shoes for the occasion
• Stretching before exercises and sports
• Knowing your limits

Treatment of a Sprain

Treatment of a sprain depends on the severity.  Many times, people are told to rest and remain off their feet completely, while others are given an air cast. If the sprain is very severe, surgery may be required.

If you have suffered an ankle sprain previously, you may want to consider additional support such as a brace and regular exercises to strengthen the ankle.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Hazlet, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.